Understanding endometriosis: Guidance for employers
Endometriosis is a long-term gynaecological condition where tissue similar to the lining of the womb grows elsewhere in the body, most commonly affecting the ovaries and fallopian tubes. Around one in ten women experience endometriosis during their reproductive years, equating to an estimated 176 million women worldwide.
For those living with the condition, endometriosis can affect far more than physical health. Symptoms may have a significant impact on emotional wellbeing, relationships and everyday life. Although the exact cause is unknown and there is no definitive cure, a range of treatments can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. In the workplace, endometriosis can be challenging.
Symptoms may fluctuate and can affect attendance, concentration and the ability to carry out certain tasks. With understanding, flexibility and the right support in place, many people with endometriosis are able to remain in work and continue to perform effectively.
Key points for employers and HR
- Around one in ten women of reproductive age in the UK are affected by endometriosis
- Up to one in six women with endometriosis may leave work because of their symptoms, with many reporting a long-term financial impact*
- Endometriosis is present in an estimated 30–50% of women experiencing fertility difficulties
- It is the second most common gynaecological condition in the UK, affecting around 1.5 million women — a similar prevalence to diabetes
- On average, it takes 7.5 years from the onset of symptoms to receive a diagnosis
- The cause is unknown and there is currently no definitive cure
- Endometriosis costs the UK economy an estimated £8.2 billion each year through healthcare use, treatment costs and lost productivity
- Symptoms may make everyday work tasks more difficult, either occasionally or on a longer-term basis
- The impact is often seen through both sickness absence and reduced productivity while at work
- Due to its long-term and recurring nature, endometriosis may meet the definition of a disability under relevant legislation
- Thoughtful, reasonable workplace adjustments can make a meaningful difference and help people stay in work *Source: Personnel Today
Understanding endometriosis
Endometriosis is a chronic condition that can affect women throughout their reproductive lives, and sometimes beyond.
Diagnosis can be difficult and often delayed, as symptoms vary widely and may overlap with those of other conditions. The impact can be wide-ranging and may include:
- Chronic pelvic pain
- Painful, heavy or irregular periods
- Fatigue and reduced energy
- Low mood, anxiety or feelings of isolation
- Difficulties with intimacy and relationships
- Fertility problems
- Challenges in managing work and social commitments
Symptoms vary significantly from person to person. Some individuals experience severe, ongoing symptoms, while others may have milder or intermittent symptoms.
Pain is often cyclical, becoming worse before and during menstruation, although some people experience pain at other times. It is important to be clear that endometriosis:
- Is not an infection
- Is not contagious
- Is not cancer
Treatment and management
There is currently no cure for endometriosis, but a range of treatments are available to help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Treatment plans are individual and may focus on:
- Reducing pain
- Slowing the growth of endometriosis tissue
- Supporting fertility
- Reducing the likelihood of symptoms returning
Treatment options may include pain relief, such as paracetamol or ibuprofen, and hormonal treatments, which require careful discussion with a clinician and may not be suitable for everyone. It can take time for the full benefits of treatment to be felt.
Surgery may be considered in some cases to remove or destroy areas of endometriosis tissue, often using laparoscopic (keyhole) techniques. As with any surgery, there are risks, particularly when the bowel or bladder is involved.
Many people also find that lifestyle measures can help ease symptoms. Regular gentle exercise, a balanced diet, heat therapy and stress management can all play a supportive role. Psychological therapies and counselling may also be helpful, particularly where chronic pain, fertility concerns or mental wellbeing are affected.
Symptoms may improve with treatment but can return, meaning ongoing management is sometimes needed.
Endometriosis in the workplace
Where endometriosis has a substantial and long-term impact on day-to-day activities, it may meet the definition of a disability under the Equality Act. This should always be considered on an individual basis, as the experience of endometriosis varies widely.
An occupational health assessment can provide valuable, tailored advice on how the condition affects work and what support may be helpful.
Open, respectful conversations are essential. Taking time to understand the individual’s experience and what helps or worsens their symptoms at work can lead to practical, effective solutions. Helpful starting points include:
- Exploring reasonable adjustments together
- Learning about endometriosis and its potential impact at work
- Discussing symptom patterns and workplace triggers
Workplace adjustments
Small adjustments can make a significant difference. Support should always be personalised, but may include:
- Flexible working arrangements, such as homeworking, adjusted hours or modified duties
- Time off for medical appointments, including fertility treatment where needed
- Flexible rest breaks and access to a quiet space
- Flexibility around uniform or dress codes to allow comfortable clothing
- Easy access to washroom facilities and drinking water
- Ergonomic workstation assessments to help manage pelvic or lower back pain
- Signposting to support services, such as an Employee Assistance Programme
- A phased or gradual return to work following surgery, with temporary adjustments to physical tasks
With understanding, flexibility and the right adjustments in place, many people with endometriosis can continue to work sustainably and feel supported at work.
How we can help
At Medigold Health, we understand the impact endometriosis can have on your employees’ wellbeing and performance. Our occupational health experts provide practical guidance and tailored support to help your team manage challenges, reduce absence, and thrive at work.
Get in touch today to find out how we can support your organisation and employees living with endometriosis.
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